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Solid state battery acceleration
author：admin    Published on：2023-08-04 10:13:52    characters：【large】【middle】【small】
abstract：Solid state batteries, as a new energy storage technology, not only receive policy support but also receive market attention. They are expected to achieve technological breakthroughs and rapid industrialization development in the future.

Solid state batteries, as a new energy storage technology, not only receive policy support but also receive market attention. They are expected to achieve technological breakthroughs and rapid industrialization development in the future.
Recently, SAIC Group plans to invest nearly 2.7 billion yuan in Qingtao Energy to deepen the layout of solid-state battery technology. It is reported that Qingtao Energy focuses on the research and development and production of solid-state lithium batteries, ceramic separators, and lithium battery production equipment, and has achieved independent control in core materials, core processes, and customized equipment of solid-state batteries. It is one of the earliest solid-state battery enterprises in China to achieve mass production and delivery.
Based on the advantages of safety and energy density, solid-state batteries have become an important development direction for power batteries, attracting many car companies and battery manufacturers to continue to increase their layout. Industry insiders have pointed out that solid-state batteries, as a new type of energy storage technology, not only receive policy support but also market attention. They are expected to achieve technological breakthroughs and rapid industrialization in the future.
Continuous acceleration of enterprise research and development
It is understood that solid-state batteries are batteries that use solid-state electrolytes, which have higher energy density, longer lifespan, and higher safety performance compared to traditional liquid batteries. The electrolyte of traditional lithium batteries is liquid, which is prone to combustion and explosion when exposed to air. However, the safety of solid-state electrolytes in solid-state batteries is better, which is one of the important reasons that attract relevant companies to invest in the development of solid-state batteries.
Apart from SAIC Group, several domestic and foreign car companies are actively laying out solid-state battery technology. On the domestic side, NIO recently announced at a press conference that the 150kWh battery pack will be launched in July. The battery uses solid-state electrolyte, silicon carbon composite negative electrode material, and ultra-high nickel positive electrode material, with a single energy density of 360Wh/kg. Internationally, in April this year, Honda stated that in addition to continuing to promote the development and evolution of liquid lithium-ion batteries, it will also develop and launch new generation batteries such as semi-solid and all solid batteries. BMW has previously stated that it will begin testing solid-state batteries developed in collaboration with American battery technology companies this year. It is reported that test vehicles equipped with the solid-state battery will be put on the road before 2025, and mass-produced models equipped with solid-state batteries will be launched in 2030.
Car companies are eager to try solid-state battery installation, which also stimulates upstream battery suppliers to accelerate research and development. At present, battery companies such as Weilan New Energy and Ganfeng Lithium have publicly stated that their business covers solid-state battery related products, and multiple companies expect their products to be delivered in bulk in 2023. During a recent investor survey, Ganfeng Lithium stated that the company's first generation solid-state batteries have started mass production, and the safety performance of the second generation solid-state batteries fully meets the requirements of vehicle regulations. The cycling performance of the developed sample batteries has met the requirements of automotive companies.
Mass production and installation of semi-solid batteries are imminent
Currently, the world is actively exploring the research and development of solid-state batteries. However, it is worth noting that due to the unresolved technical and process challenges of all solid-state batteries and their high costs, Chinese battery companies generally choose a gradual development path from liquid to semi-solid and then to solid.
"Compared to semi-solid batteries, solid-state batteries are definitely more advantageous. However, solid-state technology has not yet been completely conquered." Wu Hui, General Manager of the Research Department of Ivy Economic Research Institute, mentioned in a previous interview with China Energy News, "So currently, the industry is generally focusing on a compromise product, which is a semi-solid battery that also contains some electrolyte."
It is understood that the semi-solid route is smaller than the existing liquid lithium-ion battery system and is considered as a transition route to all solid state. "In theory, solid-state batteries currently face a series of problems such as interface impedance, production process, and cost. If we switch to a semi solid and semi liquid technology route, these problems can be alleviated or basically solved," a practitioner told China Energy Daily.
NIO founder Li Bin has publicly stated that mass production of all solid-state batteries is still a long way off. The industry expects that true mass production of all solid state batteries will still take 5-10 years.
However, as a transitional solution, semi-solid batteries have reached a critical point in mass production and installation. Since the beginning of this year, multiple companies have announced the mass production and application of semi-solid battery products. For example, the latest change and expansion announcement from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology shows that NIO has added a battery supplier to its three models - Weilan New Energy, which has independently developed and produced semi-solid batteries; Funeng Technology stated on the interactive platform that the company will accelerate the research and industrialization process of solid-state batteries, and currently, semi-solid batteries have gradually achieved industrialization.
According to a research report by Everbright Securities, with various positive and negative electrode manufacturers and battery manufacturers increasing their research and development efforts, the mass production and installation of semi-solid batteries has been put on the agenda. It is expected that a group of leading semi-solid state battery companies will gradually release automotive grade batteries this year, and 2024-2025 will be a turning point for the commercialization of semi-solid state batteries.
Huge market potential
However, although the semi-solid battery technology route has become the preferred choice for many enterprises, it still faces certain challenges from the current perspective. It is understood that although semi-solid batteries can be mass-produced, their cost is still much higher than that of liquid batteries, and there is no significant improvement in performance, so the cost-effectiveness is not high. In the future, further cost reduction will need to be achieved through large-scale production.
In the view of industry insiders, the mass production of semi-solid batteries can lay the foundation for the layout of the entire solid state battery industry chain. With technological innovation, mixed solid-liquid batteries will gradually reduce the use of liquid electrolytes, ultimately achieving the goal of all solid state.
"Nowadays, many companies are actively producing semi-solid batteries, but semi-solid batteries are still a transitional product and will eventually take the all solid state route," Wu Hui believes.
Some viewpoints point out that once solid-state batteries are industrialized, their advantages in high energy density, good safety, and other aspects will be fully reflected, and may become a key technological route for the development of the power battery industry. According to a research report by Huatai Securities, "The introduction of solid-state electrolytes can significantly improve the safety performance of batteries. At the same time, matching high energy density positive and negative electrodes can improve the energy density of batteries. The electrolyte route of solid-liquid hybrid batteries has formed preliminary consensus and will gradually evolve towards all solid-state. However, the all solid-state route is still in the research and development stage, and in the short term, solid-liquid hybrid batteries will still be the main route. It is expected that the global solid-state battery market space will exceed 300 billion yuan by 2030."


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